Automatic machine for the production of ice cream



Dec. 15, 1942. L. CAVALLERI AUTOMATIC MACHiNE FOR THE PRODUCTION OFiCErdREAM Filed Aug. 15, 1939 Patented Dec. 15, 1942 AUTOMATIC MACHINEFOR THE PRODUCTION or ICE CREAM Luigi Gavalleri, Genoa, Italy; vested inthe Alien PropertyCustodian Application August 15, 1939; Serial No.290,308 In, Italy August 25, 1938 4 Claims.

This invention is directedto animprovement in automatic machinery forthe production of ice-cream.

The primary object of the present invention is the provision of acontainer immersed in uncongealable liquid in which a plurality ofindependent arms are mounted for relative movement with respect to thecontainer, with the arms developing in such rotation relativedistinctive effects upon the material being frozen.

A further object of the invention is the provision of thematerial-affecting arms constructed and operated to cause one arm topresent an active scraping edge in contact with the'interna'l surface ofthe container, with such arm' constructed to raise the material duringthe operation, and the other arm designed to leave a thin film on theinternal surface of the container, and at the same time to cause'thematerial beyond the film to be moved downwardly of the container. 7

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in whichFigure l is a view in elevation partly in section of one form of theimprovedmachine- Figure 2 is a plan of the same, the container beingshown in section.

Figure 3 is a view of the second form-of the improved machine shown invertical section and partly in elevation.

Figure 4 is a plan view of the form shown in Figure 3, the containerdriving mechanism being omitted.

In the construction as particularly illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, acontainer 2 mounted for rotation and designed to be immersed in acongealing mixture is interiorly provided with arms I and 5. The arm Iis in the form of a branch of a helicoid with the active edge slightlyspaced from the interior surface of the wall of the container. The arm 5is a branch of a hellicoid having opposite direction to that of the armI. The arm 5 is arranged in scraping contact with the interior surfaceof the container. The active portion of the arm 4, indicated at 2, isspaced from the internal surface of the container to that extentnecessary to leave a thickness of material on such surface in accordancewith the nature of the material and the requisite of the freezingcontents. Ehe arm I in addition to the active area 12 has an additionaloperative area I3 formed at its lower end portion and operating inactive scraping relation to the internal surface of the bottom of thecontainer, as indicated arm I is such that in its relative motion withrespect to the container, the material within the container is compelledto move upwardly, while the inclination of the form of the arm 5 is suchthat in the relative movement of the arm' and container, the materialwithin the container is compelled to move downwardly.

The upper endof the arm which is indicated at 4 and the upper end of thearm :5 is indicated at 6, with such point 6 at a higher elevation thanthe point t. The upper and lower ends of the respective arms areconnected through relatively integral elements to upper and' lower hubs8 which are slidably mounted on a shaft 9. A wheel Id is keyed orotherwise fixed to the upper hub 53 and is supported to an annularmember I I, mounted on the frame within which the container is rotatablysupported as indiin Figure 3. The inclination of the form of the 55cated more particularly'in Eigure l.

The inclination of the arm I with respect to the wall of the containeris such that a section made perpendicular to' thecommon axis of thecontainer and arm I provides an acute angle-the vertex of which lies inthe direction of relative rmovement of rotation between the containerand the arm. I

The inclination of the arm 5 with respect to the wall of the containeris such that ansection made perpendicular to the common axis of thecontainer and of the arm 5 provides an acute angle, the vertex of vrhichis directed against the direction of relative movement of rotationbetween :the container and the .arm.

The-operation of this form of the follows:

Incident to relative rotation between the container and arms, thematerial within the container disposes itself by centrifugal force toac.-

device is as cumulate on the lower wall of the container, but

the lower portion 53 of the arm 1. compels an upward current .of thismaterial from the bottom, while the .main length-ofthe armI permits alimited accumulation of material on theinner surface of the containerwall and at the same time forces the body of the material upwardly.

The arm 15 scrapes the material from the inner wall of the container andcompels such material-to movetoward the bottom of the container.

The heating up of the material and, therefore, its emulsion and theincorporation of air into the material are materially increased as aresult of the operation described, due to the fact that upon eachrotation of the container all of the cream is compelled or forced intocontact with the cold wall of the container, and

at I4 and both arms are rotatably supported at, the lower ends throughappropriate integral connections leading from the arms which adjoinbearing block I5 supported upon a journal 5' mounted in the stirrup II,The upper endsof the arms I and 5, while maintaining the same relativeheight as in the form shown in Figure 1, are rigidly or integrallyconnected to upstanding branches I8 and I9 respectively, which passthrough the upper end of the container 2 and are connected to an annularbody 31 which, through the medium of levers fixed by setscrews 2I isheld in fixed relation to the ring II described in the'form shown inFigure 1.

The stirrup I! is connected to an annulus 22 having a horizontal ledgedesigned to receive the balls 23 for thrust bearing 25 supported onupper balls 24. An annular member 26 is mounted between the balls 23 and24, the outer peripheral edge of which is formed with a series of teeth29. The annular member 26 is formed with .a conical surface 27 providingfor its adjustment relative to the container 2 through the correspondingconical element 28 provided exteriorly of the container and connected tothe container by a screw or other coupling 36. The annular member 26,and with it the container 2, are rotated by a pinion 30 operated by amotor 3| mounted on a suitable support 32.

The operation of this form of the device is similar in the treatment ofthe material to that previously described, the container being driven bythe motor and through the intermediate parts in the direction of thearrow 33 of Figure 4, while the casing 22, the element 24 and the arms Iand 5 remain stationary, thus providing the relative rotation of theparts necessary to the operation of the machine.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of thepresent invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, Ideclare that what I claim is:

1. In an automatic machine for the production of ice cream, a containerhaving a, vertical axis, two helicoidal arms coaxial with the axis ofthe container, means to compel a relative rotation between the containerand the arms, one of the arms being of right hand helicoidal shape, theother arm being of left hand helicoidal shape, the entire active edge ofone of the arms being in scraping contact with the internal surface ofthe container and serving to scrape oif and lower the cream mixture, theactive edge of the other arm having two active areas, one in scrapingcontact with the interior surface of the bottom of the container and theother spaced from the internal surface of the container, the firstareaforcing the cream mixture upwardly toward the second area, thesecond area raises the cream mixture and leaves a layer of cream mixtureof predetermined thickness on the wall said arms serving to coat thecream mixture on the container surface and raise the body of the creammixture within its influence, said latter arm having two successiveareas, one of which presents a lesser pitch than the other and has anactive edge in scraping contact with the interior surface of the bottomof the container, the other area being of relatively greater pitch andhaving its active edge spaced from the interior surface of thecontainer.

3. In an automatic machine for the production of ice cream, a container,two helicoidal arms coaxial with the container, means to compel relativerotation between the container and the said arms, one of the arms beingof a right hand helicoidal shape, the other of said arms being of lefthand helicoidal shape, the active edge of one of the arms being inscraping contact with the internal surface of the container and servingto scrape and lower the material in the container, the other of the armshaving its active edge in spaced relation to the internal surface of thecontainer and serving to apply a coat of the material of predeterminedthickness to the container and raise the material within the container,the first of the arms terminating at the top beyond the second of thearms, the arm having its active edge in spaced relation to the internalsurface of the container having an addi tional area in scrapingcooperation with the interior surface of the bottom of the container.

4. In an automatic machine for the production of ice cream, a container,two helicoidal arms coaxial with the container, means to compel arelative rotation between the container and arms, one of the arms beingof a right hand helicoidal shape, the other of said arms being of a lefthand helicoidal shape, the active edge of one of the arms being inscraping contact with the internal surface of the container and servingto scrape and simultaneously lower the material in the container, theactive edge of the other armv presenting two successive areas, one ofwhich of lesser pitch than the other is at all its points in scrapingcontact with the interior surface of the bottom of the container, theother area of relatively greater pitch is at all its points spaced fromthe interior surface of the container, the lower point of said lastnamed area being substantially at the same height at which the firstnamed helicoidal arm terminates interiorly.

LUIGI CAVALLERI.

